Gravity casting is a casting process that utilizes the Earth's gravitational force to pour molten metal into a mold. This technique, also known as gravity pouring, boasts a long history and continues to evolve due to its wide range of applications and process advantages.

＞＞Definition and Classification：

Definition: Gravity casting refers to the process of pouring molten metal into a mold under the action of Earth's gravity. Broadly speaking, it encompasses various methods such as sand casting, permanent mold casting, investment casting, lost foam casting, and mud mold casting. Narrowly defined, it primarily refers to permanent mold casting.

Classification: Depending on the mold material and process characteristics, gravity casting can be divided into multiple types, each with its unique advantages and suitable applications.

＞＞Principle and Process：

Principle: Gravity casting leverages the force of gravity to enable the smooth flow of molten metal, filling the entire cavity within the mold. The fluidity of the molten metal is crucial, influenced by factors such as viscosity, surface tension, temperature, alloy composition, and additives.

Process: The steps in the gravity casting process typically include preparation (e.g., material preparation, mold design), mold making, melting (heating the metal to a liquid state and maintaining its fluidity), casting (pouring the molten metal into the mold), and post-processing (e.g., cleaning, heat treatment).

＞＞Advantages and Disadvantages：

Advantages:

1.Simple Process: Gravity casting is relatively straightforward and easy to implement and control.

2.Versatile: It can produce castings of various shapes, sizes, and materials, catering to diverse industry needs.

3.High-Quality Products: Castings exhibit smooth surfaces, precise dimensions, dense internal structures, and few defects.

4.Easy Automation: With industrial technological advancements, gravity casting is gradually achieving automated production, enhancing efficiency.

Disadvantages:

1.High Cost: Gravity casting requires significant equipment and material investments, leading to relatively high production costs.

2.Complex Production Process: Tight control over every stage of the production process is necessary to ensure casting quality.

＞＞Application Fields：

Gravity casting technology is widely used in multiple fields, including but not limited to:

Automotive: Manufacturing components such as engine cylinder heads and crankcase housings.

Aerospace: Fabricating high-precision, high-performance parts like aircraft engine casings and turbine blades.

Machinery Manufacturing: Producing equipment parts like pump bodies, valves, and reducer housings.